We estimate the causal effect of the electoral system on corruption by leveraging a specificity of the French electoral … system. Exploiting that discontinuity in a regression discontinuity design and using survey and actual corruption data, we … find that the proportional list system results in higher levels of perceived and actual corruption than the individual …

In transition and developing countries, we observe rather high levels of corruption even if they have democratic … high corruption levels. Our model is based on the fact that corrupt offcials have to pay an entry fee to get lucrative … positions. In a probabilistic voting model, we show that a lack of financial institutions can lead to more corruption as more …