This study examines the moderating effects of the real exchange rate and its volatility on the finance-growth nexus in the West African region. It also determines the marginal effects of financial development on economic growth at various levels of the real exchange rates and its volatility. The...

Financial intermediation facilitates economic development by providing entrepreneurs with external finance. The relative costs of financing depend on the relative efficiency of the financial sector and the sector using financial intermediation services, the production sector. These costs...

In most poor countries, large majorities of the population live in rural areas and earn their livelihoods primarily from agriculture. Many rural people in the developing world are poor, and conversely, most of the world's poor people inhabit rural areas. Agriculture also accounts for a...

Competition among banks promotes growth and stability for an economy with production externality. Following Arrow and Debreu (1954), I formulate a standard growth model with externality — a two-period version of Romer (1986) — as a game among consumers, firms, and intermediaries. The...

This study examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth considering the influence of financial sector development (FSD). We empirically determine the threshold level of three FSD indicators that would ensure the positive association between FDI and growth...