Stock market volatility was extremely high during the Great Depression relative to any other period in American history …-Nielsen and Shephard (2004) test for jumps in financial time-series. These jumps coincided with periods when stock volatility was … high as the arrival of new information about the uncertain future drove both the record stock volatility and the record …

return volatility. The model significantly improves prediction of the state of the economy using fully revised data. Real …