Biological diversity worldwide is expected to come under increasing stress on account of climate change. International cooperation between states is required, inter alia because species and ecosystems will (attempt to) shift their distributions, including across jurisdictional boundaries....

This article identifies and analyzes current and potential synergies between the new EU Regulation 1143/2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species on the one hand, and the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural...

With some exceptions, populations of bears, wolves, lynx and other large carnivores are recovering across Europe. Zoning is one of the means available to public authorities to promote large carnivore conservation while minimizing conflicts with human interests. In principle, this can entail...

Leopard (Panthera pardus) conservation has a strong international dimension. Hunting trophy export quotas established for African range states under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) are a case in point. We test these quotas, and the methods for their...

The contamination of the world’s oceans by human garbage, especially plastics, ranks among those environmental problems whose resolution appears remote, despite the considerable public attention paid to the ‘Great Garbage Patch’ in the Pacific, ‘plastic soup’, and the like. This...

This study concerns the definition and implementation of the precautionary principle under general, or customary, international law. A search for patterns and common denominators in state practice resulted in the following definitions of a right and a duty which states are deemed to have under...

Dutch Abstract: Dit onderzoek beoogt een overzicht en analyse te verschaffen van internationale, Europese en Nederlandse regelgeving die gericht is op de bescherming van biodiversiteit in (het Nederlandse deel van) de Noordzee. Het richt zich in het bijzonder op de verhouding tussen regelgeving...

In Europe, as elsewhere, climate change is adding significant new challenges to the many threats already faced by wild flora and fauna, the ecosystems of which they are part, and biological diversity (biodiversity) at large. The composition of ecosystems is profoundly affected, as species’...

In Europe, species and ecosystems struggle to cope with severe human pressures in heavily fragmented landscapes extending across a large number of comparatively small states. This makes the conservation of European biodiversity a challenging enterprise, and the need for transboundary cooperation...

This chapter focuses on situations where international legal instruments for wildlife conservation are faced with developments that are clearly within their scope of application but were nevertheless unforeseen when the instruments were drafted. International wildlife law covers a subject matter...