methods of measuring household welfare (and, accordingly, poverty and inequality) based on expenditures have not considered … remote work during the pandemic. We then propose methods to impute transportation cost equivalents for household expenditure … aggregates. We use Georgia as a case study to compare these methods and assess impacts on poverty and inequality. The proportion …

household surveys from 162 countries covering 98 percent of the population estimated to be in extreme poverty in 2017. We … income not by household size but by the square-root of household size. While the regional profile of extreme poverty is …Estimates of the number of people living in extreme poverty, as reported by the World Bank, figure prominently in …

multiple rounds of cross-sectional data to study poverty mobility at the cohort level, we develop a procedure that works with … disaggregated household level. Validation using Monte Carlo simulations and real cross-sectional and actual panel survey data- from …

multiple rounds of cross-sectional data to study poverty mobility at the cohort level, we develop a procedure that works with … disaggregated household level. Validation using Monte Carlo simulations and real cross-sectional and actual panel survey data - from …

Poverty is typically measured as insufficient yearly income or consumption. In practice, however, poverty is marked by … poverty measures to include a temporal dimension. Using panel data from rural India, we show how conventional poverty measures … can distort understandings of poverty: exposure to poverty is wider and more common than typically measured, and poverty …

global estimates of extreme poverty to changing this assumption. The analysis rests on nationally representative household … by household size but by the square-root of household size. While the regional profile of extreme poverty is robust to …Estimates of the number of people living in extreme poverty, as reported by the World Bank, figure prominently in …

. Applying our measure to Egyptian household budget surveys, we estimate the population size of the middle class in Egypt and … people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates …

fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …

fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …

poverty. We provide two empirical applications of our measure. First, we analyze the development of inequality in the US from …