The emerging data-driven economy (DDE) promises to intensify the distributional issues that have contributed to disruptive political change in recent years. This raises the question of whether there a solution space in this economy that allows markets to clear and societies to maintain...

Establishing disciplines on the US trade remedy measures was in the view of Canadian policymakers the single most important demand that Canada tabled in the free trade negotiations with the United States leading up to the 1989 Canada-US FTA. The outcome was the Chapter 19 mechanism for...

The progressive shift of economic activity into the digital realm, including through digital and digitally-enabled trade, poses not only a wide range of conceptual issues which require discussion to support a shared understanding of risks and benefits, but promises to create perhaps...

The long trade peace that took hold with the signing of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) on 30 October 1947 is over. As of mid-2018, the world is embroiled in a trade war of global dimensions. This note charts the path to trade war, discusses U.S.policy aims and its trading...

"The Money Problem" highlights the role of non-insured, defaultable money equivalents as being at the root of financial panics. It suggests reforms that would establish a banking system similar to today's fractional reserve banking model, but panic-proofed and with much less regulation than is...

The entry into force of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership will mark the end of a long and winding road for Canada in committing to an Asia Pacific trade strategy, marked by a number of significant shifts in the calculus of costs and benefits. This note...

The WTO as we know it – version 1.0 – was created for an industrial economy with an overlay of a knowledge-based economy that is now being transformed into a data-driven economy. The content of WTO rules for this new digital economy promises to be very different what is in place now. Not...

The pandemic is impacting at a time of major transformational change in the global economy driven by the digital transformation, a decoupling between the United States and China, and the rise of populism. The massive economic shock of the pandemic is not only accelerating changes that were “in...