haircut increases are simulated. Insufficient Eurosystem funding could lead Greece to abandon the euro zone …

economic and institutional reforms), because Euro was suffering a great danger. The concerns of the strong Eurozone countries …'s GDP, the second EU manufacturing, a founding country of EU and Eurozone). This implies that Euro substantially fails the …In the first phase of the Monetary Union the discussion focused on advantages and disadvantages related to the Eurozone …

The paper provides empirical evidence on the effects of ECB conventional and unconventional monetary policy on the euro … Governing Council meetings. Both types of measures contributed to the depreciation of the euro from mid-2014; surprises …

account of the change in the circulation of euro banknotes and the use of cash in transactions during the pandemic; and (2) to …

-term financial variables and of long-term rates on structural variables of listed euro firms. I thereby test if negative rates have … 4.5%. The latter positive effects arise from the southern-euro countries and Finland and France. For the first full … for small and large firms, for different sectors, and in most of the euro countries …

The use of cash in the euro area is declining. Accordingly, the European Central Bank is exploring options for the … design of a digital euro as a form of central bank money available to the public. This article addresses the key question of … whether the Eurosystem is empowered to issue a digital euro and, if so, in what form. Based on a historical, teleological, and …

Eurozone and even speculation that the euro might break up. Against this background this paper sets out to re-examine the Hard …In 2009 the euro entered a crisis from which it has yet to emerge. It has led to increased social tensions across the … 1992 and led to the euro. Unlike previous scholarship on the Hard ECU this paper is now in a position to compare the scheme …

difference-in-differences strategy to show that the announcement of ECB euro liquidity lines has a direct positive signalling … positive spillbacks to the euro area since domestic bank equity prices increase by 6.7% in euro area countries highly exposed …

breakdown of citizens' trust in the ECB and support for the euro. Drawing on a novel typology of attitudes towards Economic and … tracks the prevalence of supporters and sceptics of EMU over time and across euro area countries. It further explores the … provides insights into the factors shaping citizens' attitudes towards the ECB, the euro and EMU, and helps identify possible …