The fall of the Berlin Wall appeared to herald a new era of rights. Yet, just three years later, the disintegration of Yugoslavia into war and brutal ethnic cleansing left Europe, the U.S., and the U.N. struggling to find ways to meaningfully and legally intervene to make good on their "never...

Codification efforts in the Russian Empire in the first third of the 19th century, aimed at creating drafts of the Criminal Code, were not in vain, gradually improving through the development of a legislative model. It was a step-by-step movement, from the project of Rosenkampf in 1804 to the...

Russian Abstract: В статье исследуются конституционно-правовые и уголовно-правовые проблемы справедливости в аспекте правоприменительной деятельности....

Concerns about law enforcer incentives being a¤ected by a desire to raise revenue for their departments or other governmental units has led to considerable research. Part of this scholarship attempts to identify a causal relationship between monetary incentives and distortions in en- forcer...

This short paper discusses changes in the laojiao (re-education through labor) system in China since the 1990s. Laojiao serves four functions in suppressing political dissidents, maintaining public order, facilitating police criminal investigation and treating drug addiction. This paper...

In today's regulatory environment, a corporation engaged in wrongdoing can be sure of one thing: regulators will point to an ineffective compliance program as a key cause of institutional misconduct. The explosion in the importance of compliance is unsurprising given the emphasis that...

Bullying affects from fifteen percent to thirty percent of all students in the United States. It results in serious emotional problems for its victims and is a consistent predictor of later criminal behavior among its perpetrators. It is a major force behind dropout rates and absences, and for...

“Not guilty” — these two simple words elicit intense relief from any defendant at the conclusion of a criminal trial. As one harrowing ordeal ends, however, a new one inevitably takes shape: picking up the pieces of a life shattered physically, emotionally, and, for non-indigent...

The concept of Promissory Estoppel forms an important part of State-Citizen litigation. Many a cases arise in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent where the citizens invoke constitutional jurisdiction of the superior courts for the redressal of their grievances against Govt. functionaries. This paper,...