consequences. We analyzed local experiments, long-term regional time series, and global fisheries data to test how biodiversity … loss affects marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. Overall, rates of resource collapse increased … biodiversity, in contrast, increased productivity fourfold and decreased variability by 21%, on overage. We conclude that marine …

and the impacts that they have on ecosystem structures and functioning as well as on economic activities and wellbeing … economic effect of future changes in the EU marine ecosystem in the medium term (2030). We focus on those changes potentially … of population, GDP, prices, as well as the overall impact on environment. Sector-specific economic impacts are channeled …

climate, climate change, and the ecosystem services provided by every ecosystem on Earth.This chapter has been submitted for … oceans, emphasizing their roles in climate regulation and other ecosystem services and paying particular attention to …

(including the global carbon cycle). It reviews theoretical and empirical models of ecosystem dynamics, which are highly …

to transform many aspects of the global marine environment by mid century, with severe impacts expected for calcifying … hold in store for the regulation of one of the most pressing threats to the marine environment. It is seen that ocean …