A dozen years ago, Randall Kroszner, soon to be one of George W. Bush’s economic advisors and a Governor of the Federal Reserve, could comment in a Levy Institute seminar, without fear of contradiction, that there was no evidence to back the "public interest rationale" for the separation of...

This paper develops a simple macroeconomic model of systemic risk in the form of financial accelerator effects: adverse developments in financial markets and in the real economy mutually reinforce each other and lead to a feedback cycle of falling asset prices, deteriorating balance sheets and...

This paper provides an overview of the knowledge available to date on market fragmentation and its consequences, with a specific focus on the European experience. Since the implementation of MiFID1 on 1 November 2007, market fragmentation has considerably increased in European stock markets...

This book chapter provides an overview of market fragmentation in Europe since the first implementation of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) on 1 November 2007. It makes a brief literature review on the consequences of lit and dark fragmentation for liquidity. It presents an...

We study a model where some investors ("hedgers") are bad at information processing, while others ("speculators") have superior information-processing ability and trade purely to exploit it. The disclosure of financial information induces a trade externality: if speculators refrain from trading,...

Public purchasing authorities are in a leading position for the introduction, promotion and development of green procurement. Indeed, the public sector can influence green procurement both by designing suitable policies and by driving “green” markets through the significant share of public...

In seinem Kommentar befasst sich Manfred Borchert, Universität Münster, mit der Auswirkung der schlechten Bewertung von griechischen Staatsanleihen auf die Bilanzen der europäischen Banken.

La banca y las finanzas son inherentemente procíclicas, una condición exacerbada por la combinación de Basilea II y la contabilidad a valor de mercado (mark-to-market accounting), por lo que se requiere crear políticas macroprudenciales anticíclicas. Esta fragilidad se vio intensificada por...

We present a model in which fire sales propagate shocks across bank balance sheets. When a bank experiences a negative shock to its equity, a natural way to return to target leverage is to sell assets. If potential buyers are limited, then asset sales depress prices, in which case one bank׳s...