Technological developments facilitated an impressive growth in international trade; however, organizations are facing numerous risks, resulting from their reliance on digital services and complex supply chains. One of the most notable risks concerns cybersecurity, which can take numerous forms and...

There are a set of wrongs that are normatively distinct as ‘criminal wrongs', and yet, there is disagreement as to ‘the basic features of criminal liability' that explain this normative distinctiveness. The only consensus has been that criminal wrongs are ‘public wrongs'. For some, they...

As businesses and other entities have sought to collect more personal data on individuals, the public has pushed back, and lawmakers throughout the United States and elsewhere have responded by passing data protection laws. Recent data protection laws passed by the European Union and by several...

This article considers the possibility of simultaneously reducing crime, prison sentences, and the tax burden of financing the criminal justice system by introducing positive sanctions, which are benefits conferred to non-convicts. Specifically, it proposes a procedure wherein a part of the...

The WannaCry ransomware attack began on May 12, 2017, and is unprecedented in scale—quickly impacting nearly a quarter-million computers in over 150 countries. The WannaCry virus exploits a vulnerability to Microsoft Windows that was originally developed by the U.S. National Security Agency...

Preventive law enforcement increases social welfare by hindering the infliction of criminal harm, but produces inconvenience costs to the general public, because it requires interfering with the acts of innocents as well as attempters. This article shows that the optimal amount of investment in...

It is over 30 years since the seminal decision of the House of Lords in Tesco Supermarkets Ltd v. Nattrass articulated the identification doctrine as the basis for corporate criminal liability in many common law countries. During that time, Tesco has been consistently criticised as ill-suited to...

This article shows how the enlistment of private monitors can overcome the limits of public enforcers in overseeing gatekeeper compliance with liability-induced duties. Gatekeepers are private actors who possess skills or advantages that allow them to detect and prevent wrongdoing in a more...

Patients in the United States are routinely undertreated for pain. This problem has been widely recognized and documented in medical literature. In a seminal medical study of end-of-life care, researchers found that 50% of all patients who died during hospitalization quot;experienced moderate or...

Over the past two years, there has been a monumental shift in how U.S. professional sports leagues have perceived “daily fantasy sports.” Back in March 2013, the chief executive of Major League Baseball Advanced Media, Robert Bowman, told the New York Times that he perceived “daily fantasy...