In this paper we reconsider the formal estimation of the risk of financial intermediaries. Risk is modeled as the variability of the profit function of a representative intermediary, here bank, as formally considered in finance theory. In turn, banking theory suggests that risk is determined...

What constitutes shadow banking has been described by the international financial institutions, such as FSB, IOSCO, ECB and European Commission. A common characteristic is that several of the shadow banking activities are outside the banking field but are likely to have an impact on the banking...

There is a need to introduce a statistical method to the toolkit of the regulators that is versatile, easy-to-use and can handle complex cause-effect phenomena that are not directly observable or measurable, i.e. latent constructs. In a first application of partial least squares structural...

The global shadow banking system (SBS) continues to increase in size and scope at a steady pace. The Financial Stability Board estimates that in 2014, the global SBS reached 75 trillion USD, which is equivalent to 120% of the GDP of all measured jurisdictions in the world. Advanced economies...

Trust companies generate leverage cycle dynamics by intermediating less regulated credit to the financial markets in China. We find that the leverage factor constructed from trust companies can explain the time-series and cross-sectional asset returns. The leverage factor derived from securities...