This paper uses the 1918 influenza pandemic in Taiwan as a natural experiment to test whether in utero conditions … during the pandemic are shorter as child/teenagers, less educated, and more likely to have serious health problems, including … positive selection on health from high infant mortality rates during this period (18 percent), our findings suggest a strong …

in Taiwan as a natural experiment. Combining several historical and current datasets, we find that cohorts in utero … during the pandemic are shorter as children/adolescents and less educated compared to other birth cohorts. We also find that … they are more likely to have serious health problems including kidney disease, circulatory and respiratory problems, and …

population to the brink of starvation. We link high-quality military recruits data with objective health measurements for the …