then, the issue of the relationship between patent protection and the development of and access to medical treatments and … an overview of the patent landscape of medical treatments and technologies related to COVID-19, and of the patent status … of two investigational medical treatments: remdesivir and lopinavir/ritonavir. It then presents various patent …

the extent and impact of patent holdup and holdout in the ICT sector, and then about how to eliminate or reduce these … made great efforts to solve the issue of patent holdup and holdout, there is still an ongoing struggle among divergent … stakeholders. Patent holdup and holdout directly impacts the innovation and dissemination of patented technology, the harmonization …

creativity (focusing on patent, trade secret, and copyright protection) and protecting integrity of the commercial marketplace … protection and other means of addressing the economic problem (such as public funding and prizes in the case of patent and …

This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … recent research using patent data, focusing on major developments since Griliches in 1990 [Griliches, Z. (1990). “Patent … availability of patent data on an increasingly global scale and the accompanying global spread of research using patent data. The …

We study the effect of the fragmentation of intellectual property rights on optimal patent design. The major finding is …, which is socially costly. However, to preserve the incentives to innovate, if a patent is granted the strength of protection … should be generally higher than in the stand-alone case. -- Intellectual Property Rights ; Fragmentation ; Patent …

The objective of this paper is to show the necessity of reviving the debate on the economic justifications for patent … patent protection, and on the other hand, we believe that major changes to the patent law should be considered. Critical … review of the discussion on patents shows that the weaknesses of many arguments for patent protection, as well as the …

This paper analyses the development of universities' patent applications in Germany before and after the abolition of … the 'professors' privilege' in 2002. By means of a database with all patent applications of German universities with … legislation is found only for universities without patent activities in the past. This indicates the importance of collecting …

of critical knowledge. Given that a patent specification has to include a clear description of the patented matter so … to patent law. This paper provides a model identifying the incentives for firms to deliberately obscure their inventive … knowledge in a patent specification. …

Classical patent literature assumes that patents grant well-defined legal rights to exclude others from practicing an … invention. In this scenario, start-up companies benefit from the exclusive right to commercialize patent-protected inventions … and the certification effect of patents which signals the ventures’ “quality” to investors. If the decision about patent …