regulation when policy is determined in a lobbying game between a government and firm. We compare the resulting regulation levels … lobbying, but that lobbying can reverse the welfare ordering. …

We analyze the determinants of environmental policy when two firms engage in two types of lobbying against a … restriction on allowed pollution: General lobbying increases the total amount of allowed pollution, which is beneficial for both … firms. Private lobbying increases the individual pollution standard of the lobbying firm, but has a negative or zero effect …

We empirically investigate whether the persistence of politicians in political institutions affects the innovation …' innovation activity. However, once the causal effect is isolated by means of instrumental variables, using death of politicians …-term connections with politicians. …

-checking company. Our results show that politicians are responsive to negative fact-checking. Specifically, we observe a significative … reduction in the number of incorrect statements made by politicians after being treated. This effect persists for at least two … months. We also observe a reduction in the probability of politicians making verifiable statements, suggesting that fact …

This paper develops a theory in which heterogeneity in political preferences produces a partisan disagreement about … voters' intrinsic preferences or because of rigidities in the political process. The theory predicts that providing mixed …