total household savings for renters. The effect is identified via a large panel of individual administrative records …. We find little substitutability between current mandatory labour market pension savings and private voluntary savings …. Each euro paid into mandatory labour market pension accounts results in a reduction in private savings of approximately 0 …

borrowing more that too at a rate higher than offered by pension savings, their life-time utility increases. …

of workers born in 1950 or later. At the same time, a tax-facilitated savings plan was introduced that substantially … assess the effect of the reform on the savings and retirement expectations and realizations of two virtually identical male … savings to counter the effect of the reform. These workers, who are generally in worse health, have zero substitution rates …