The high value of privatizations, licenses and equipment supply contracts in telecommunications have created … in developing countries with weak or absent anti-corruption systems, no special measures were put in place to reduce … exposure to petty or grand corruption. Evidence gradually emerged of instances which illuminated these errors, not least in the …

Despite strong traditions of research into corruption and into telecommunications policy and regulation, the two are … liberalisation, privatisation and regulation was constructed without any regard for the opportunities it created for corruption and …

Greece had, largely as a result of clientele policies, delayed its privatization of the state-owned telecommunications … operator, the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization (OTE) and the liberalization of markets. For over a decade up to 2004 …

Reducing corruption in the telecommunications sector requires licensing reforms. Liberalisation ignored known risks of … corruption in both developing countries and in the telecommunications sector, allowing bribery, cronyism and nepotism to enter … and to flourish. A discussion of past and present corruption is essential, with politicians and CEOs setting a new, clean …

and successful elections. It continues to have significant problems with corruption. Despite these problems, mobile … under obscure circumstances hinting at further corruption. Attempts to revive the state-owned fixed operator saw bribes paid …

Telecommunications in Bangladesh suffers from endemic and severe corruption, with no indications that actions are being … of the undersea cable, has been subject to persistent corruption over many years. The issuance of licenses has usually … facilitate this form of corruption. Under the caretaker government there was a brief period when politicians were prosecuted for …

telecommunications began in the mid-1990s with a restructuring of the incumbent PTT to create Maroc Telecom, a post office and a …

Kenya has gradually descended below Nigeria in the rankings of global corruption by Transparency International. The … limited evidence available suggests that the telecommunications sector has been part of that descent. Telecommunications in …

infrastructure. Both of which were made worse by the poor quality of construction due to endemic corruption, with serious risks that … the efforts to bring relief created opportunities for yet more corruption. Since its independence in 1804, Haiti has … rival elites competing for power, then pillaging and rent seeking, so that corruption was endemic – one of the most corrupt …