forward citations patents can receive at the European Patent Office. While a patent can be cited as non-infringing state of … the art, it can also be cited because it threatens the novelty of patent applications ("blocking citations"). Empirical …. This finding adds to the patent value literature by showing that different types of patent citations carry different …

forward citations patents can receive at the European Patent Office. While a patent can be cited as non-infringing state of … the art, it can also be cited because it threatens the novelty of patent applications (“blocking citations”). Empirical …. This finding adds to the patent value literature by showing that different types of patent citations carry different …

steadily declined, the market value of patents made a large and sustained gain in the new millennium. An additional patent per …

Although the use of patent indicators in statistics has been under discussion for a long time, there are surprisingly … very few studies devoted to explaining the use of patent indicators as performance indicators in performance-based research … performance indicators. However, there is still no established distinction in the literature between patent indicators used in …

The patent system gives the courts discretion to tailor patentability standards flexibly across technologies to provide … practical, non-research-based use at the time patent protection is sought. The fear is that an early-stage patent on a research … innovation. Yet, denying patents on research inputs can frustrate patent law’s broad goal to protect and promote advances in …

commercialized as well as whether this commercialization was profitable or not. Thus, this patent database measures technological … innovation. The dataset is complemented with indicators of patent quality (patent renewal, forward citations, and patent family …

Although it may surprise scientists, one can receive a patent in many jurisdictions without implementing an invention …

The progression toward reevaluating patent validity in the administrative, rather than judicial, setting became overtly … substitutionary in the America Invents Act. No longer content to encourage court litigants to rely on Patent Office expertise for … emergent border between court and agency power in the U.S. patent system. By design, the border is not absolute. Concurrent …

We examine the role of utility models (UM) in patent filing strategies. With an extensive patent family data from … European countries, we explore the structures and characteristics of patent families, which include UMs. A simple typology of … patent families with UM members is introduced. We document that the geographical scope of most patent families with UM …

discusses how patent-like rights (such as "data exclusivity") prevent lower-cost generic medicines from entering into the …