This paper examines the valuation of venture capital (VC)-backed IPOs in Canada and the US over the 1986-2007 period. The data indicate that differences in listing standards between Canada and the US account for fact that IPOs are valued substantially lower in Canada. We consider alternative...

We examine the relation between litigation risk and IPO underpricing and test two aspects of the litigation-risk hypothesis: (1) firms with higher litigation risk underprice their IPOs by a greater amount as a form of insurance (insurance effect) and (2) higher underpricing lowers expected...

We examine IPOs in Korea during the period August 2000-January 2002. We conclude that the high level of underpricing in Korean IPOs is the unintended consequence of regulations designed to promote fairness. Two aspects of the regulations distort the process – an “essential price” formula...

This survey reviews the growing body of academic work on venture capital. It lays out the major data sources used. It examines the work on venture capital investments in companies, looking at issues of selection, contracting, post-investment services and exits. The survey considers recent work...

We examine the price, volume and bid-ask spread reactions to lock-in expiries in Hong Kong IPOs. We show that the lock-in expiry causes an increase in both trading volume and bid–ask spread, but no significant change in the share price. We attribute the absence of a price reaction to the fact...

IPO stock prices increased approximately 2.3% on the first day of secondary market trading over the period 1993 through 2003. While these aftermarket returns are accentuated during 1999 and 2000, they persist after the bubble burst and even increase as a percentage of total underpricing. We...

Most studies of IPO activity focus on individual issuer decision (filings, issuances, withdrawals). This study provides a more complete empirical picture of the IPO market by tracking the monthly value of IPOs in registration from 1998 to 2007. The value in registration has a significantly...

In this survey, I criticize the ability of popular asymmetric information-based models to explain the magnitude of the underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) that is observed. I suggest that the quantitative magnitude of underpricing can be explained with a market structure in which...

The theoretical literature on Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) strongly argues for the theory of ‘Information Asymmetry'. The existence of asymmetric information problem is mainly attributable to the lack of trading history for IPO firms and superior information possessed by different entities...

This paper addresses the question of the importance of analyst coverage for the long-run returns of IPO firms over the period from 1991 to 2010. In US IPOs, during the one- to five-year horizon, we find a significant long-run abnormal performance by orphans (IPOs without analyst coverage)...