Gains from sales of securities and lower loan loss previsions helped bring higher profits to large Fifth District commercial banks in 1986. At the same time, small- and medium-sized bank profits fell slightly in the District from the previous year. As in the past few years, Fifth District banks...

A review of District banks’ 1989 financial measures, including net interest margin, loan and lease loss provision, noninterest income and expense, taxes, profits, and capital. In general, District banks outperformed banks nationally.

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Reduced provisions for loan losses in 1988 boosted bank profits in the Fifth District and nationwide. Profit ratios also may have been influenced somewhat by subsidiary banks’ payment of management fees to their holding companies.

Although the profitability of U.S. small banks shrank in the 1980s, two percent of these banks remained highly profitable by emphasizing basic banking, namely acquiring low-cost funds and making low-risk investments.

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Movements in the monetary aggregates affect the price level, interest rates, real output, and employment. For that reason they are among the most closely-watched financial statistics. This article provides a practical introduction and guide to the various monetary aggregates.

This paper examines the history of mREITs and their broader role in the REIT industry. Additionally, it reviews how mREITs operate, how they are regulated, the risks they face, how they manage these risks, and the dangers they pose for the broader financial system.