Traditional economic models of vaccination assume that agents free-ride on the vaccination decision of others. These … models show that private vaccination rates are always below the social optimal and even large subsidies cannot achieve … conform to the vaccination decisions of their peers. In this model privately optimal vaccination rates can be higher or lower …

Traditional economic models of vaccination behavior simply assume that agents free-ride on the vaccination decisions of … conjectural variation model, to explain how a positive peer effect regarding vaccination behavior arises. We conduct two empirical … studies using Japanese data in these models. The first empirical analysis, using a data set on the vaccination behavior of …