We argue that the number of firms going public changes over time in response to time variation in market conditions. We develop a model of optimal IPO timing in which IPO waves are caused by declines in expected market return, increases in expected aggregate profitability, or increases in prior...

Previous research describes the net share issuance anomaly in U.S. stocks as pervasive, both in size-based sorts and in cross-section regressions. As a further test of its pervasiveness, this paper undertakes an in-depth study of share issuance effects in the Australian equity market. The...

After a long wait, China's "Second Board" market (or ChiNext) for venture businesses was finally established in 2009. The significance of this development is twofold: first, it gives "innovative enterprises and other growing start-ups" the opportunity to raise capital and investors such as...

This paper argues that since China closes her asset markets, investors turn to Hong Kong instead. The initial public offerings (IPO) of Chinese firms in the Hong Kong stock market and the local housing market of Hong Kong improve the prediction of each other, as they may serve as a coordinator...

Initial Public Offers (IPOs) market is considered to be the safest way to invest in the stocks and it also assures profits due to underpricing. Therefore, it attracts every type of investors and very particularly the retail investors. However, gaps do appear in perceived profits and the actual...

Savings is considered to be a virtue among prudent people. It is believed that an investment of savings leads to money multiplication. Investment refers to parking money in the avenue which performs better and earns good returns. The performance of investment instrument is judged through...

Succesful Initital Public Offerings of Venture Capital Investments are a major requirement of an efficient Private Equity Market in a well-oiled national economy. IPO as an adequate way of an investment exit is one of the most important alternatives for leaving an investment to reinvest in new...

I hypothesize that highly innovative firms — those with high risk, yet higher potential return — will be more likely to raise funds through stock markets than through bond issuance. Using the Schumpeterian innovation life-cycle as a theoretical framework, I argue that that in the beginning,...

This paper investigates the impact of labor unionization on IPO underpricing. We demonstrate that the existence of unions reduces underpricing by 11.20%. Unionized IPOs are associated with downward offer-price revisions, higher cost of capital, inferior firm-operating performance, and...