social capital; then, social capital determines the level of corruption; finally, corruption affects economic performance. We … test this hypothesis on a dataset of Italian provinces, and address the possible endogeneity of corruption by applying an … IV model. We use three sets of historical instruments for corruption: 1) foreign dominations in 16th-17th century, 2 …

In this paper, we provide a new framework for analyzing corruption in public bureaucracies. The standard way to model … corruption is as an example of moral hazard, which then leads to a focus on better monitoring and stricter penalties with the … eradication of corruption as the final goal. We propose an alternative approach which emphasizes why corruption arises in the …

social capital; then, social capital determines the level of corruption; finally, corruption affects economic performance. We … test this hypothesis on a dataset of Italian provinces, and address the possible endogeneity of corruption by applying an … IV model. We use three sets of historical instruments for corruption: 1) foreign dominations in 16th-17th century, 2 …

to the Philippines but has been observed worldwide. The collaborative effort of stakeholders has crafted the Philippine …

. It also suggests a logit model of procurement specifically for the Philippines given the available data in the Philippine …-conformance with procedures, poor bid design and evaluation, weak capacity to implement procurement procedures, and corruption. It also … study then offers recommendations to improve the PhilGEPS, minimize corruption, improve procurement capacity, and address …