Using novel receivable-based-loan data, we study the effect of aging-report loan covenants on borrowers' accounts receivable reporting quality. Our purpose is to highlight a channel that lenders use to obtain private information and to understand whether lenders' information acquisition affects...

We study how statutory-law changes relate to disclosure, pricing, and liquidity in the used-car market. Federal odometer laws mandated disclosure of mileage on car titles upon ownership transfer and thereby enhanced enforcement of odometer-fraud prohibitions. Exploiting time variations in state...

We study the market reaction to events leading up to and including the release of the SEC’s Proposed Mandatory Climate Risk Disclosures in firms’ financial statements. Our goal is to evaluate whether investors benefit from this proposal. We find the market, on average, does not react to...

Prior research suggests that: (1) politically active firms have an information advantage over firms that do not engage in the political process, but also that (2) politically active firms are more likely to disclose policy-related information. We examine whether there are externalities...

We examine the disclosure choice faced by managers when a previously-issued earnings forecast becomes inaccurate. In some cases, managers explicitly update the forecast with a revised earnings estimate, while in other cases, managers withdraw the original forecast without providing an update. We...

We examine how the co-location of firms in the same industry affects analysts' cost of gathering and processing information. We find that when the firms in an analyst's portfolio are located farther away from other firms in the same industry, the analyst's portfolio size is smaller and average...

We use machine learning methods to create a comprehensive measure of credit risk based on qualitative information disclosed in conference calls and in management's discussion and analysis section of the 10- K. In out-of-sample tests, we find that our measure improves our ability to predict...

Managers face conflicting incentives when making voluntary tax disclosure decisions. Although voluntary tax disclosures can improve firms' information environments and reduce financial statement users' costs of processing complex tax information, they can also inform tax authorities about...

Prior research acknowledges that the determinants, timeliness, and economic implications of banks' provisions for loan losses (PLL) vary across loan types. However, the lack of machine-readable data on PLL by loan type has precluded researchers from incorporating loan type into the evaluation of...

The Securities and Exchange Commission encourages the presentation of information or data in graphical form to improve users’ ability to understand financial disclosures. We observe a dramatic increase in the disclosure of both qualitative and quantitative infographics in 10-Ks from 2003-2020....