In this note we discuss and summarize the valuation methodology for Double barrier Cash or Nothing Options. We start off by briefly defining vanilla binary options and ordinary and double barrier options. We then move on to the valuation and price dynamics of the option at hand. After that we...

The exchange traded index option market in South Africa has seen tremendous growth during the last couple of years. The biggest liquidity is in options on the near and middle Alsi future contracts. Alsi futures are listed future contracts on the FTSE/JSE Top40 index, the most important and...

Can-do options are bespoke option structures listed on Safex and Yield-X. The JSE is the first exchange in the world to list, trade and clear exotic options. The first exotic was listed on 8 January 2007 with the onset of the financial crisis that played out during 2008. The option was on the...

Can-Do Options are derivative products listed on the JSE's derivative exchanges -- mostly equity derivative products listed on Safex and currency derivative products listed on Yield-X. These products give investors the advantages of listed derivatives with the flexibility of "over the counter"...

Monte Carlo simulation or probability simulation is a technique used to understand the impact of risk and uncertainty in financial and other forecasting models. It is very useful when complex financial instruments need to be priced. Exotic options are listed on the JSE on its Can-Do platform....

The use of finite difference methods for solving PDEs on a computer goes back almost to the 1950s since its invention. In finance, these methods were introduced in the 1970's after the derivation of the Black-Scholes model. The sophistication of these methods in finance has become a field of...

Can-Do Options are derivative products listed on the JSE's derivative exchanges -- mostly equity derivative products listed on Safex and currency derivative products listed on Yield-X. These products give investors the advantages of listed derivatives with the flexibility of over the counter...

Volatility is a measure of the average yearly changes in the market prices. The high volatility of the oil price has been pivotal in the development of international petroleum exchanges. The low volatility of the gold price is the reason why market participants usually view gold as a wealth...

Financial markets exhibit high levels of volatility. Volatile markets are usually associated with high risks and uncertain investment returns. Financial institutions therefore, usually opt to hedge their investment portfolios against the high volatility using a suitable hedging structure. One...

In turbulent and volatile markets options can be a preferred asset class for protection against adverse market movements. When volatility increases and markets become sparsely traded, it is not always effective to hedge adverse market movements using any option. Options, where the underlying is...