This article proposes an overview of the recent developments relating to panel unit root tests. After a brief review of the first generation panel unit root tests, this paper focuses on the tests belonging to the second generation. The latter category of tests is characterized by the rejection...

This paper proposes a new test of Value at Risk (VaR) validation. Our test exploits the idea that the sequence of VaR violations (Hit function) - taking value 1-α, if there is a violation, and -α otherwise - for a nominal coverage rate α verifies the properties of a martingale difference if...

This paper generalizes the Bollerslev and Zhang (2003) approach for the estimation of loadings of asset pricing models using "realized" measures and co-measures of risk. We propose here to extend this approach by including higher-moments in asset pricing models. Estimations are conducted using...

In many poor countries, the problem is not that governments do not invest, but that these investments do not create productive capital. So, the cost of public investments does not correspond to the value of the capital stocks. In this paper, we propose an original non parametric approach to...

Cet article élabore une nouvelle méthodologie de datation des cycles financiers extrêmes. S?appuyant sur la théorie des valeurs extrêmes, il étend la « calculus rule » afin de détecter les pics et les creux exceptionnels. Appliquée sur des séries financières américaines...

This paper proposes an evaluation of the main empirical approaches used in the literature to estimate the productive contribution of public capital stock to private factors productivity and growth. Our analysis is based on the replication of these approaches on pseudo samples generated using a...

This paper proposes an extension of the Granger (1969) causality definition to panel data models with fixed coefficients. Given the heterogeneity of the data generating process, four definitions of causality relationships are proposed. A procedure of nested tests is then defined and a...

This paper assesses the magnitude of bias in reported estimates of the productive contribution of public capital stock to private factors productivity and growth. The standard approach is taken, based on a production function, in order to estimate structural parameters on simulated pseudo...

The study estimates the probability of being downgraded at the time of the first employment according to individual socio-demographic, professional and education characteristics. This study, based on a very large French database, reveals the influence of the subjective or objective definitions...

Bank credit to Egypt's private sector decreased over the last decade, despite a recapitalized banking system and high rates of economic growth. Recent macro-economic turmoil has reinforced the trend. This paper explains the decrease based on credit supply and demand considerations by 1)...