We develop a framework to explore the effect of credit ratings on loan origination and securitization. In the model, banks privately screen and originate loans and then issue securities that are backed by loan cash flows. Issued securities are rated and sold to investors.Without ratings, banks...

We consider a signaling model in which receivers observe both the sender's costly signal as well as a stochastic grade that is correlated with the sender's type. In equilibrium, the sender resolves the trade-off between using the costly signal versus relying on the noisy grade to distinguish...

We investigate the effect of public information, such as ratings, on the security design problem of a privately informed issuer. We show that the presence of ratings has important implications for both the form of security designed and the amount of inefficient retention. The model predicts that...