Until about more than a decade ago, central banks were traditionally run by individual governors. However that trend has changed and countries have started to establish monetary policy committees. Potential disadvantage of an individualistic committee (i.e., through voting) over collegial...

The hedge and safe haven properties of gold in advanced economies’ financial markets are well documented in the literature. Studies of how this issue relates to emerging markets and developing countries are, however, very limited. This paper aims to fill this gap by empirically analysing the...

External financial stress is one of the causes of capital outflows and reduction in borrowing ability of emerging markets. Sudden reversal of capital inflows and disruption in access to the international capital markets could be threat for the domestic financial stability as in the case of Asian...

The effects of government spending on a small open economy (SOE) have attracted little attention in the New-Keynesian SOE literature. One exception is Monacelli and Perotti (2007). In this paper we extend their work in several dimensions. First, we include both asset holder and non-asset holder...

This study aims to understand the effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on corporate leverage by using the 364 publicly traded non-financial firms’ balance sheets at Borsa İstanbul. Results show that while leverage (total debt/total assets) of highly affected sectors have substantially increased...