Basel II defines operational risk as the risk of direct or indirect loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes people or systems or from external events. In the past decade there have appeared a number of quantitative approaches to measuring this risk, approaches that abstract...

India has the second largest number of financially excluded people in the world. Both the Government and the Reserve Bank have taken initiatives continuously to address the issue of inclusive growth. The entire argument on financial inclusion is whether the financially excluded community can be...

India's rural households continued to remain financially excluded prominently compared to urban households particularly with respect to their access to institutional credit. Nearly half (44%) of the credit requirements of rural households is still met through non-institutional sources of finance...

In the period following the global financial crisis high profile regulatory breaches and other instances of banks' misconduct triggered widespread concern that the culture and standards of conduct in banks had declined to a point of unacceptability. The crisis also brought into sharp focus the...

This paper formulates an Early Warning System (EWS) for systemic risks based on forecasts of Expected Shortfalls (ES) of real and financial indicators integrated with structural stress-tests via a structural VAR. The EWS delivers early warning signals as probabilities of tail risk realizations,...

The cost of financial intermediation has declined in recent years thanks to technology and increased competition in some parts of the finance industry. I document this fact and I analyze two features of new financial technologies that have stirred controversy: returns to scale and the use of big...

We explore the relationship between bank branch expansion, financial inclusion and profitability for Equity Bank. Unlike traditional banks in Kenya, Equity Bank pursues branching strategies that target underserved territories and less privileged households. Its presence has a positive and...

This study assessed the effect of corporate characteristics on voluntary disclosure of listed financial service firms in Nigeria for the period of 2014-2018. The study used correlational research design. Data for the study was extracted from yearly-published financial report of listed financial...

We explore the relationship between bank branch expansion, financial inclusion and profitability for Equity Bank. Unlike traditional banks, including foreign and government owned banks in Kenya, Equity Bank targets less developed territories and less privileged households. Its presence increased...

Special purpose vehicles (SPVs), extremely popular financial structures for the creation of highly-rated tranched securities, experienced spectacular demise in the 2007-08 financial crisis. These financial vehicles epitomize the shadow banking sector, characterized by high leverage,...