-98 -- David C. Mowery (1983), 'Industrial Research and Firm Size, Survival, and Growth in American Manufacturing, 1921-46: An …-24 -- Richard R. Nelson (1959), 'The Simple Economics of Basic Scientific Research', Journal of Political Economy, 67 (3), June, 297 …), September, 569-96 -- Suzanne Scotchmer (1991), 'Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Cumulative Research and the Patent Law …

research remains an isolated or 'ivory tower' activity, with weak connectivity to public use, little relationship between the … quality of research and its public use, and little correspondence between the funding of science and its public use. This …