By reviewing the previous three asset bubble implosions, viz. (1) the “Lost Decade” of Japan in the 1980s; (2) the Asian Financial Crisis in Hong Kong in 1997; and (3) the Financial Tsunami in the USA in 2008, a common symptom of negative real interest rate is very clearly revealed before the...

Income segregation is found to be a common phenomenon, which imposes far-reaching implications on housing and social policies. However, the focus has long been on its extent rather than on its distribution. This study investigates the asymmetric relationship between household income and income...

The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel tenant mix model for shopping malls from an analogy of ecological theories. This study empirically investigated the tenant species-area relationship and tenant species-abundance distribution in shopping malls. By a sample of 25 shopping malls are...

Purpose – Achieving a balanced tenant mix is a long-standing discourse in the retailing and consumer marketing literature. This paper applies the Island Species-Area-Energy (ISAER) model from biogeography to theorise tenant mix equilibrium. A five-factor tenant mix model is developed....

This paper aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail real estate and high street landscape through acceleration of e-commerce and digitalization. The retail business have been evolving over the past several decades, accentuated by the evolution and development of digital...

This paper aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail real estate and high street landscape through acceleration of e-commerce and digitalization. The retail business have been evolving over the past several decades, accentuated by the evolution and development of digital...

"This study examines the hypothesis about the relationship between the returns of REITs and that of direct real estate. As an indirect investment vehicle, REIT (real estate investment trust) shall perform under the influence of the underlying real estate investment. And there were plenty of...