We develop a tractable theory to study the impact of biased media on election outcomes, voter turnout and welfare. News … rise in media bias affects the election outcome in a non-monotonic way, and reduces voter welfare by decreasing the … other ways to strengthen media competition − such as increased polarization and prevention of collusion − critically depends …

In this chapter we survey the empirical literature on media bias, with a focus on partisan and ideological biases …. First, we discuss the methods used to measure the relative positions of media outlets. We divide bias into two categories …, explicit and implicit bias. We group existing measures of implicit bias into three categories: measures based on comparing …

subnational governments by transferring additional tasks. This paper analyzes the efficiency of public spending on an intermediate … government level for a sample of 96 départements in metropolitan France in 2008. Spending efficiency is measured using Data … between 10 and 22 percent, depending on model specification. To explain efficiency, a bootstrapped truncated regression …

This paper discusses how taxation may affect migration, economic efficiency and income distribution. The institutional …

psychological concept of mental models to address voter' naive reasoning about the economy and thereby explain the persistent bias … discuss the impact of different political institutions on economic outcomes. -- Voting behaviour ; dynamic party competition …

politicians generates a procyclical bias in government spending. The introduction of fiscal transparency generates two new … redictions: 1) the procyclical bias in fiscal policy arises only in good times; and 2) a higher degree of fiscal transparency … reduces the bias in good times. We find solid empirical support for both predictions using data on both OECD countries and a …

This paper considers the implications of an important cognitive bias in information processing, confirmation bias, in a …, we show that when voters have this bias, it decreases pandering by the incumbent, and can raise voter welfare as a … evolution of confirmation bias can lead to more pandering before the first election. Finally, we show that when confirmation …

Scientists are human. As such, they are prone to bias based on political and economic interests. While conflicts of … and therefore prone to bias. Such bias may lead to consensus not based on evidence. While appealing to scientific …