The paper presents the results of a research on railway regulation and liberalisation in Italy, France, Germany and … Spain. The analysed fields of regulation are the relationship between the State and the rail companies, network access …. The aim of the paper is to give a comparative overview of the rail regulation from a critical point of view, rather than …

ship size but also on a ship's departure and destination ports. -- Optimal transit charge ; Kiel Canal ; shipping cost …

regulation …

Naturally monopolistic network industries are subject to regulation of access to market and charging in order to … regulation generate and whether it achieves objectives. Literature states that due to the context-specific nature of regulatory … framework, ex post analysis and practical experiments are necessary to study the impact of economic regulation. In this paper …