This essay gives an extensive examination of competition assessment and remedies in IPR-related merger cases in China, and aims to reveal the impact of IPRs on merger control under the framework of China's Anti-monopoly Law

The ambiguous relationship between Article 14 and Article 15 of AML has begun to produce many problems in China. Most dramatically, different understandings of the relationship have resulted into contradictory decisions between the courts and the NDRCL. This article is aimed to shed some light...

Benefited from its dense population and robust telecommunications infrastructure, China's sharing economy has experienced explosively rapid development in recent years. However, at the back of the proliferation social problems are also constantly raised. Therefore, since the emergence of sharing...

The essential facilities doctrine is designed to oblige dominant undertakings to make available their important facilities, including intellectual property rights, for other undertakings. It requires a delicate balance of, on the one hand, protecting the exclusivity of ownership and on the other...

Broadband over CATV networks is flourishing in the EU and in some Member States it even has already made significant impact on the retail broadband market. Our article aims to provide an overview of the regulatory treatment of broadband over CATV under the electronic communications regulatory...

This working paper describes the way of geographic market definition in the area of EC competition law and electronic communications regulation with regard to the electronic communications sector. Most importantly, it looks at the recent development in particular in the sector specific...

The three criteria test to define new relevant markets is widely considered to contribute to the development of the EU electronic communications regulation. However, the application of this test has not been fully explored. This paper first examines the application the three criteria test based...

The legal uncertainty in the application of collective dominance by competition authorities under EU competition law raises an interesting question on how its equivalent concept, collective significant market power, should be employed by the national regulatory authorities in the context of the...

This paper aims to compare the concept of significant market power (SMP) within Article 14 of Framework Directive with that of Dominance under Article 82 of EC Treaty. According the European Commission's guideline on the assessment of SMP, the concept of SMP is equivalent to that of dominance....

This paper aims to clarify some concepts contained in Article 86(2) of EC Treaty and to synthesize the practice of proportionality principle according to pre-existing ECJ case law. The first two sections will seek for definitions of 'entrustment' and 'Services and General Economic Interest'....