The currencies of nations, in their utility as a medium of exchange and store of value, behave variously according to the integrated dynamics of free enterprise, the central bank and government policy. As such, foreign exchange rates fluctuate constantly with consequences for the growth of...

The issue of EDC became increasingly important in the field of development economics primarily because EDC has been occurring more frequent after the deregulation of global financial flows in the 1970s (Tiruneh 2004, Jones 2015) hitting mostly MICs and LICs. Assessing the probability of an EDC...

In the work, The Great Recession and the Rhetorical Canons of Law and Economics, 58 LOY. L. REV. 101 (forthcoming, 2012), the Author examined the role of law and economics in the Great Recession of 2008 and onward by examining neoclassical and contemporary law and economics from the perspective...

Money throughout the world has been operating without a defined denominator. Currency names identify nationality but not value. Equal work time is now and has been the center line of gravity of currency exchange rates since the IMF began publishing the data to see it, since 1948. Adoption of an...

U.S. public and private debt is traced to the decision of the First Congress in 1790 to borrow the new nation's money supply. This established a debt imperative that requires debt to grow by compounding interest. When debt fails to grow enough, the economy goes into various degrees of recession....

This Article focuses on the U.S. Federal Reserve's controversial practice of loaning U.S. dollars to foreign central banks, which the foreign central banks then turn around and loan to institutions in their jurisdictions. The Federal Reserve does not know the identity of these recipient...

This paper was written as the first draft of the invited Foreword for the book, Money and the Economy, by Apostolos Serletis. The paper provides a critical view of those areas in which methodology in economics deviates from that in the physical sciences, provides examples and illustrations of...

Before the John Bates Clark Medal (JBCM) has become a widely acknowledged professional and public marker of excellence in economics research, in the first twenty years since its inception more than seventy years ago in 1947 it was almost discontinued three times and once even not conferred....

Portuguese Abstract: Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo reflexivo acerca de possíveis causas e os impactos da instabilidade política no desempenho do comércio internacional. Em formato de ensaio teórico, este artigo baseia-se em revisão teórica de autores que discutem sobre a globalização...

This paper discusses how 'wars of ideas' can be waged, using the author's extensive experience, both as director general of the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) and at other classical liberal think tanks. John Blundell begins his stimulating collection of published essays, reviews and...