A new relationship is derived for net present value (NPV) per dollar invested that is composed entirely of interest rates. The rates are mark-ups to the cost of capital, each mark-up being an internal rate of return (IRR) embedded in the complex plane. The result has been shown before, but only...

The time value of money (TVM) equation is a core equation in finance. It is often differentiated to obtain the interest rate sensitivity of whatever is being valued. In fixed income analysis the result is incorporated into the concept known as duration. It is well known, however, that the...

The time value of money (TVM) equation is a key equation in finance. It takes the form of an nth order polynomial having n roots. In finance it is normal to calculate and use only one root (interest rate). The remaining (n-1) roots are mostly complex or negative and they are usually discarded....

This article casts doubt on the conclusion reached by experimentalists in behavioral economics (and other subjects such as social psychology and political science) that hyperbolic discounting explains their data better than exponential discounting. A dual expression to the exponential...

Two criteria for choosing between capital investment projects are net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). Sometimes they provide inconsistent rankings. This inconsistency sparked a debate about which criterion is better. The debate has lasted more than 100 years.This paper...