This paper empirically investigates the impact of internal ratings-based (IRB) approach on the risk weight under Basel II. Assuming increasing cost of raising new capital when the requirement constraint is violated, this paper estimates the difference of unknown risk weight parameters between...

Web-based financial intermediation on a peer-to-peer (P2P) basis will eventually prevail as an economically superior form of organisation compared to the traditional banking business model. P2P lending is the most popular type of crowdfunding, whereby an internet platform collects small amounts...

Growth can be good – but can also be dangerous! When firms grow with superior products and services, then directors, executives, staff, shareholders, customers, suppliers and the general economy benefit. But delivering on a 'growth strategy' is notoriously difficult, as such a strategy often...

This paper aims to stress the importance of market liquidity for the stability of the financial system, emphasizing the pivotal role played by liquidity risk in the development of the current financial crisis, pointing out the flaws of regulation and supervision and stressing the need for their...

Regulations leading up to the financial crisis of 2007-2009 provided incentives for banks shift their risk profiles toward less regulated areas. We focus on the case of operational risk which went from being a relatively benign and largely unregulated risk type to a major risk that now accounts...

The financial crisis exposed enormous failures of risk management by financial institutions and of the authorities' regulation and supervision of these institutions. Reforms introduced as part of Basel III have tackled some of the most important fault‐lines. As the focus now shifts toward the...

We present an empirical study of stress testing for portfolios of auto loans. We find that loans aged five years or more have significantly higher default probabilities. This finding raises concerns about the increasing maturity of auto loans in recent years. A challenge in stress testing is the...

In line with regulations and common risk management practice, the credit risk of a portfolio is managed via its potential future exposures (PFEs), expected exposures (EEs), and related measures, the expected positive exposure (EPE), effective expected exposure (EEE), and the effective expected...

Historical VaR, CVaR and ES (Expected Shortfall) to LIQUIDATION Software is a model characterized by its straightforwardness, allowing regulators measure risk using a standard database of primitive factors and portfolio positions only, leaving little error margin in comparing market risk for...

This paper discusses various types of risks to which an Islamic financial institution and Islamic financial product are exposed. It underlies risk identification, measurement and mitigation techniques for all those risks