Existing techniques to recover phosphorus as vivianite from urban sewage face difficulties in separating the crystals from the sludge. This study proposes a new process for the recovery of phosphorus as vivianite crystals through fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) from biofilm-enriched...

A micro tapered long-period fiber grating (MTLPFG) fabricated successfully by periodically tapering a standard single-mode fiber (SMF) with arc discharge technology, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The effective refractive index difference between the core and the cladding modes is...

Background: Potential protection against the neurotoxic effects of high levels of fluoride on rats and SH-SY5Y cells by an extract of Ginkgo biloba , as well as underlying mechanisms, were examined.Methods: The rats were divided into 4 groups, i.e., control, treatment with the extract (100 mg/kg...

In the probabilistic risk aversion approach, risks are presumed as random variables with known probability distributions. However, in some practical cases, for example, due to the absence of historical data, the inherent uncertain characteristic of risks or different subject judgements from the...

We examine the relation between industry specialist auditors and cost of debt financing using a national and city level industry specialist framework. Consistent with the assumption that higher audit quality is associated with lower information risk, which benefits clients in raising debt...