The purpose of this report is to serve as a post financial crisis handbook that will help both financiers and environmentalists in Russia to cooperate in establishing a ‘greener’ and less risky financial system in a similar manner to which this process is underway in other emerging markets...

This chapter provides an overview of how Russian environmental policy could act as an instrument to enhance Russia’s international economic competitiveness. In particular, the chapter identifies and analyses some core environmentally-related problem areas which currently constrain Russia’s...

In international law, the issue of external debt is regulated by customary international law, as well as by the Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of State Property, State Archives and Public Debts of 1983. According to Article 33, "public debt" means any financial...

In Africa, cryptocurrency is usually sold with a large trading margin, which can reach even 100% for several reasons. Firstly, bitcoin in Africa is very difficult to obtain due to the climate and lack of infrastructure. In addition, cryptocurrency is in high demand in Africa, as national...

The Russian Federation has a unique and highly developed system of especially protected nature reserves and is in many respects a pioneer in reali-sing the concept "from islands to eco-nets" (SOBOLEV et al. 1995; OSTERGREN and SHVARTS 1998; SITTLER et al. 2000). The nucleus of the ecological network in...