Recently, risk assessment has become one of the most challenging issues in the areas of construction and public …-private partnerships (PPPs). To address risk assessment issues, various decision-making techniques have been proposed, each with its own … when used for risk assessment in PPP projects. For this study, 5 risk assessment criteria and 10 types of risk used in …

investors take on all financing-related exchange rate risk, even though this may mean higher tariffs for consumers as a premium … for bearing that risk. …

This economic policy note presents the dilemma between private infrastructure and public risk. The note examines the …. However, through the improvement in policies, such as risk reduction and guarantee improvement, governments can avoid these … risks, while attracting private infrastructure investment. Guidelines are provided for allocating risk, where two factors …