firm characteristics constant and focus on a particular managerial incentive. However, managers' responses to different … managers respond to stock price and risk-taking incentives differently depending on their opportunity sets …

We examine whether firms with managers that have prior internal audit experience are less likely to manage earnings. We … find that firms with managers that have internal audit experience are associated with less overall earnings management … increased accruals-based earnings management. Further tests reveal that this effect is generally strongest when managers with …

, leading to optimistic earnings expectations. I hypothesize that managers having incentives to mitigate information loss and … increase in the level of conservatism. Moreover, consistent with managers conveying the effect of conservatism, I find that … to incorporate the effect of accounting conservatism conveyed through managers' earnings guidance when the guidance is …