We analyze and compare the information quality of order flows on the exchange and on off-exchange venues reported to Trade Reporting Facilities. Compared to exchange order flow, we find that off-exchange order flow has significantly lower information quality, including a lower information ratio...

We show that when a continuous dark pool is added to a limit order book that opens illiquid, book and consolidated fill rates and volume increase, but spread widens, depth declines and welfare deteriorates. The adverse effects on market quality and welfare are mitigated when book-liquidity...

We empirically examine on-exchange hidden liquidity in the context of informed trading, pricing efficiency, and trading costs. Using a number of proxies for informativeness and a number of different specifications, we find that when an on-exchange option to hide orders exists, traders prefer to...

We show that the presence of high frequency trading (HFT) has significantly mitigated the frequency and severity of end-of-day price dislocation, counter to recent concerns expressed in the media. The effect of HFT is more pronounced on days when end of day price dislocation is more likely to be...

I develop a multi-period trading model to analyze how a fundamental trader adjusts his trading strategies and information production decisions to the existence of high frequency trading (HFT). I show that these decisions differ strongly depending on the type of information that the HFT can...