level. The empirical evidence shows how organised crime firms are intrinsically managed by their dark criminal side …

related to the activity of organized crime, as homicide, extortion, drug-trafficking or usury. Petty crimes are estimated to …, the signaling role of the policy, and other forms of social control) rather than induced by organized crime itself. …

organized crime groups will be difficult to control, especially if it becomes embedded in state structures. Finally, we argue …

? To quantify it, a general equilibrium occupational model is developed in which there is room for drug trafficking, crime …

effect of organized crime on firms. Following anti-mafia enforcement actions, we find increases in competition among firms … crime shrink in size and experience a reduction in profitability, particularly subsequent to higher anti-mafia enforcement …-tradable sector. Our findings are consistent with accounts of organized crime groups acting as a barrier to entry and affecting …