This study examines the long run impacts of equity market volatility on index returns of nine major international stock … exchanges in the Western and Asian regions. This study employs the text-based Economic Market Volatility (EMV) index to measure … volatility exhibits significant and negative impacts on stock market returns, except for the stock markets of China, Hong Kong …

value robust volatility estimator with respect to the standard robust volatility estimator as proposed in the paper by … Muneer & Maheswaran (2018b). We show that the robust volatility ratio is unbiased both in the population as well as in finite … samples. We empirically test the robust volatility ratio on 9 global stock indices from America, Asia Pacific and EMEA markets …