We conduct a follow-up to Chen et al. (2020) and study demand for and use of cash after the containment measures … circulation continued to rise in July due to ongoing cash withdrawals and decreased cash deposits in the Bank Note Distribution … System. The probability of consumers using cash for payments increased in July compared with April 2020. As well, consumer …

detrimental to protect the DeFi protocols against the oracle deviation in the real world. Moreover, this paper delves into the …

We estimate the effect of Bitcoin ownership on the level of cash holdings of Canadian consumers. Bitcoin ownership … positively correlates with cash holdings even after accounting for selection into ownership via a control function approach. On … average, Bitcoin owners hold 83 percent (in 2018) to 95 percent (in 2017) more cash than non-owners. Focusing on the quantiles …

cash - the only form of central bank money that the public currently has access to - is declining rapidly in many countries … currency (CBDC). We conclude that depositors' need for control could be a reason why cash or a CBDC is essential, even in …

Providing bank notes is one of the Bank of Canada’s core functions. The Bank is therefore interested in whether cash is …. We provide a perspective on these issues by exploring access of First Nations reserves to cash. To do so, we measure the … distance between the 637 reserve band offices in Canada and their closest cash sources. In this study, these cash sources are …

populations and limited access to internet and mobile services. As a result, these First Nations have poor access to cash sources … likely contribute to their poor access to cash and financial services. …