demonstrates, despite the rise in gender differences in the urban labor market, the average gender pension gap decreased between … cohort analysis to gain further insights into the reasons for changes in the gender pension gap. We utilized data from the …In urban China, gender gaps in employment and earnings have steadily increased since the 1990s. Such gender gaps are …

The Yearly Average Method used in calculating State Contributory Pension entitlements has been criticised for creating …. Overall, we find little change in the average weekly pension rate with a slight fall for men and no change for women. These … the maximum pension rate under the Total Contributions Approach due to the removal of anomalies associated with the Yearly …

The global financial crisis affected also Polish pension market. Low or negative rate return on pension capital … accumulated in Open Pension Funds led to social disappointment and growth of feeling of social insecurity. Prolonged financial … crisis together with sluggish economic growth forced first reform of Open Pension Funds system in 2011. Second reform was …

We study gender differences in risk-taking investment strategies in Defined Contribution (DC) Plans with the help of … significant gender differences in risky IRAs and 401(k)s between (single) women and (single) men. We conclude with policy …