This paper presents an interactive study on the relationship between the foreign trade structure, opening degree and economic growth of the provinces in western China (except Tibet). It shows that the export of primary products and labor-intensive products has a positive impact on the external...

This study examines the nexus between foreign trade and economic growth in Nigeria using quarterly time-series data for 1981Q1 through 2010Q4. In order to fully account for feedbacks, a vector autoregressive model is utilized. The results show that there is a stable, long- run relationship...

The Ukraine conflict is having serious consequences, but it also potentially threatens to damage the still frail economic recovery in Europe. In Ukraine, which is the main victim of the conflict, the economy may decline by up to 8% this year. In Russia, the costs of the conflict are estimated to...