This paper deals with the causal relation between military spending and economic growth of a state. There are three schools of thought on this issue: military spending promotes economic growth; it retards economic growth; and there exists no causal relations between the two. Pakistan’s...

This paper deals with Russia’s military policy and with a wide range of issues related to funding the defense program. The accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation in March 2014 was not favored by the global community and resulted in Western economic sanctions against...

Good compensation is an important part of the nation's compact with its men and women in uniform. In contrast to the private sector or other government employers, the U.S. military spends a large share of its compensation dollars on noncash benefits. Such benefits are extremely inefficient from...

The defense-growth nexus is investigated empirically using longitudinal data for Guatemala and allowing the effect of defense spending on growth to be nonlinear. Using recently developed econometric methods involving threshold regressions, evidence of a level-dependent effect of military...

This paper uses cross-country panel data to study the determinants of whether a country chooses to conscript its military force. I focus on the roles of military threat, the supply of young males, political regime, economic power and the origins of legal institutions in the decision to...

This document describes the evolution of defense, justice and security spending and criminality in Colombia since 1950. It presents some considerations about its efficiency and analyzes some pertinent indicators. Also it proposes some policies that the authors believe are useful to increase...

The complex state of the Bulgarian economy is a prerequisite for the state of defence and security. The low GDP, low production, unemployment, the outflow of young people and professionals abroad are a prerequisite for the few resources allocated to defence. Contrary to all expectations of...

The recent conflict in Mali underscores that non-state armed groups are increasingly a source of global insecurity. That conflict equally highlights the fact that developing and fragile states in Africa are especially vulnerable to myriad terrorist groups and transnational criminal organizations...

That a dividing line has been drawn between economics and psychology is evident from a review of the most recent terrorism studies literature. The division is centred on the motivations of terrorism and the payoffs to terrorism. Psychology has generally been interested in motivations. Economics...

For more than a thousand years, just war theorists accepted that wars could be launched to punish or avenge wrongdoing, the war itself being an instrument of retribution. Today, this punishment theory of just cause has completely disappeared from international law, which recognizes only...