The European Commission (EC) has proposed expanding the European Defence Fund, an initiative to fund defense technology developed in Europe. As a general matter, only European firms would have access to the fund for development, and participating European nations would need to commit themselves...

This paper studies the effect of military spending--milex--oneconomic growth in the wealthy OECD countries. The hypothesis is that increased milex will have a non-linear effect with higher milex associated with faster growth at low levels and slower growth at higher levels. The regression...

In a world continuously beset by conflict and violence, the positive study of international security and defense has developed rapidly over the past decade as a cohesive discipline within economics. Part of the cause for this trend is the revolutionary effects of globalization and its new...

Um Präferenzen für Maßnahmen zur Stärkung von Sicherheit und Verteidigung als öffentlichem Gut zu bestimmen, bieten sich repräsentativ durchgeführte diskrete Entscheidungsexperimente an. Ein solches umfragegestütztes Experiment offenbart für Deutschland eine große Wertschätzung für...

This study investigated the asymmetric effects of oil shocks-oil price, oil demand and oil supply shocks on military expenditure in Nigeria. Our study confirmed the presence of short-run and long-run asymmetries in all the models (Models, 1, 2 and 3). Generally, positive oil price shock and...

We provide quantitative evidence on the relationship between military spending and innovation in the 19th century. Combining innovation data from world fairs and historical military data across Europe, we show that national military spending is associated with national innovation towards war...

We provide quantitative evidence on the relationship between military spending and innovation in the 19th century. Combining innovation data from world fairs and historical military data across Europe, we show that national military spending is associated with national innovation towards war...

This study assesses the importance of military expenditure in moderating the role of insecurity dynamics on tourist arrivals or international tourism in 163 countries. It is framed to assess how the future of international tourism can be improved when military expenditure is used as a tool to...

Defense spending accounts for a large share of the budget in many countries, but the value of the resulting public good - national defense - has so far escaped assessment. Much of the literature has instead considered indirect benefits of defense spending in terms of greater economic growth or...

This study adopts ARDL and VAR estimation methods to examine whether military spending crowd-out or crowd-in private investment in Nigeria. We use the data that covers the period from 1970 to 2019. Our results, based on the ARDL method, show that military spending only crowds-out private...