realization requirement, preferential capital gains tax rates, and corporate taxation. These elements of the income tax mitigate … an income tax alters the tradeoff between asset liquidity and yield because: (1) high yields from illiquid assets are … the absence of an income tax. These distortions foster an excessively large financial sector, which exists in large part …

for a government in an Islamic economy. In discussing sources of tax revenue, it is maintained that Zakah is the only tax … important part of non-tax revenues. It is also analyzed that how the non-profitable public institutions like police and courts …

Hours worked vary widely across countries and over time. In this paper, we investigate the role played by taxation in … labor taxes, we assess the evolution of trends in hours worked over the 1995-2017 period. We find that the inclusion of tax …

The 1980s were a decade of tax reform across OECD countries. The changes had many common themes. Top rates of personal … income tax and rates of corporate income tax fell, but revenues were maintained by broadening the bases of these taxes. Seven … countries introduced a value-added tax. Many countries that already had a VAT increased its rate. Social security contributions …